农村老年人群日常生活能力与常见慢性病的相关性

Correlation between activity of daily life and common chronic diseases in rural elderly population

摘要:

目的 了解农村老年人群日常生活能力的现状及其与常见慢性病的关系。方法 以陕西省内户口类型为农业型的60周岁以上的老年人3307名为研究对象,采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样法对其进行日常生活活动能力(ADL)量表调查,包括躯体生活自理(PADL)和工具性生活自理(IADL)两部分。运用χ²检验、二元logistic回归分析农村老年人群日常生活能力现状及与常见慢性病的相关性。结果 陕西省农村老年人日常生活能力依赖率达34.20%(1131/3307),PADL依赖率为17.00%(526/3307),IADL依赖率为33.78%(1117/3307)。logistic回归显示,慢性病种数≥2种、冠心病、关节疾病、白内障、耳聋是影响陕西省农村老年人PADL依赖的危险因素(P＜0.05)；高血压、冠心病、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、关节疾病、耳聋是影响农村老年人IADL依赖的危险因素(P＜0.05)。结论 陕西省农村老年人群日常生活能力依赖率较高。患病种数不是日常生活能力的重要影响因素,应重点关注老年性耳聋、关节疾病、冠心病及慢性阻塞性肺疾病等特定疾病。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the status of activity of daily life (ADL) in the elderly living in rural area of Shaanxi Pro-vince, and its relationship with common chronic diseases. Methods A total 3 307 elderly people with registered permanent residence as agricultural type were subjected from 24 administrative villages of 11 counties in Shaanxi Province by multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling. Questionnaire on ADL, including physical ADL (PADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) were used to survey their conditions. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the correlation between their ADL status and common chronic diseases. Results The dependence rate of ADL in the elderly was 34.20%(1131/3307), and that of PADL was 17.00%(526/3307), and of IADL was 33.78%(1117/3307). Logistic regression analysis showed that number of chronic diseases ≥2, coronary heart diseases, joint diseases, cataract and deafness were dependent risk factors for PADL (P<0.05), and hypertension, coronary heart diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), joint diseases and deafness were dependent risk factors for IADL (P<0.05) in the elderly in rural area of Shaanxi Province. Conclusion The dependent rate of ADL is quite high in the elderly in rural area of Shaanxi Province. The number of chronic diseases is not an important influencing factor for ADL. Some specific diseases, such as senile deafness, joint diseases, coronary heart disease, COPD and so on should be paid more attention to.