住院老年患者社会支持与住院情况的相关性分析

Correlation analysis between social support and hospitalization in the elderly

摘要:

目的 探讨社会支持与住院老人入院一般情况和结局事件(好转、自动出院或死亡)的相关性。方法 纳入我院老年医学科2018年1月至2019年1月入院的1 457例患者,分析患者家庭人均收入、居住环境、家庭照护情况、与家属的亲密程度等社会支持情况对患者近1年内住院次数、入院时日常生活能力(Bathel ADL)以及结局事件(死亡或自动出院)的影响。应用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析,单因素相关性分析采用 Spearman 相关分析,多因素相关性分析采用 logistic 回归分析。结果 纳入患者的年龄、家庭人均收入、入院时Bathel ADL、慢病个数与患者近1年内住院次数相关(r=0.47、0.49、-0.45、0.69,P<0.05)；logistic回归分析显示患者近1年内住院次数与年龄、家庭人均收入、入院时Bathel ADL有关(OR=2.73、2.15、3.51,P<0.05)。年龄影响患者入院时的Bathel ADL水平(r=-0.62,P<0.05)。结局事件(死亡或自动出院)与年龄、家庭人均收入、与家属亲密程度、Bathel ADL及慢病个数相关(r=0.70、-0.17、0.56、0.52、0.69,P<0.05)；logistic回归分析显示患者结局事件与家庭人均收入、与家属亲密程度及入院时Bathel ADL有关(OR=4.22、1.65、4.81,P<0.05)。结论 年龄、家庭人均收入与入院时Bathel ADL影响患者住院次数及出院转归,提高社会经济水平及加强对老年人的关爱,可改善患者住院相关负性事件的发生。

Abstract:

ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of social support with general condition of hospitalization and outcome events (improvement, automatic discharge or death) in the hospitalized elderly people. Methods A total of 1 457 patients admitted in our geriatric department from January 2018 to January 2019 were enrolled in this study. The effects of household income per capita, living environment, family care situation, intimacy with family members, and other social support on the hospitalization times within recent 1 year, activities of daily living (Bathel ADL) and the outcome events (death or automatic discharge) were analyzed. SPSS statistics 22.0 was used to perform the statistical analysis. Spearman correlation analysis was employed for univariate correlation analysis, and logistic regression analysis for multivariate correlation analysis. Results Among the 1 457 patients, significant correlations were observed in age, household income per capita, Bathel ADL at admission, and number of underlying diseases with the hospitalization times in recent 1 year (r=0.47,0.49, -0.45,0.69, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the hospitalization times in recent 1 year were correlated with age, household income per capita, and Bathel ADL (OR=2.73,2.15, 3.51, P<0.05). Age affected the patients′ Bathel ADL at admission (r=-0.62, P<0.05). The outcome events (death or automatic discharge) were related to age, household income per capita, intimacy with family members, Bathel ADL and number of underlying diseases (r=0.70, -0.17, 0.56,0.52,0.69, P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that the outcome events were correlated with household income per capita, intimacy with family members and Bathel ADL at admission (OR=4.22, 1.65, 4.81, P<0.05). Conclusion Age, household income per capita, and Bathel ADL at admission affect the hospitalization frequency and discharge outcome of patients. Improving the social economic level and strengthening the care for the elderly can improve the incidence of hospitalization related negative events.