中国西部农村脑卒中患者健康相关生命质量及其影响因素:基于EQ5D量表的调查结果

Health-related quality of life and its influencing factors in stroke patients in rural areas of Western China:a survey based on EQ-5D scale

摘要:

目的 对我国西部地区农村脑卒中患者的健康相关生命质量(HRQoL)及其影响因素进行调查分析。方法 2018年11月至2019年3月期间,以陕西省韩城市以及宁夏回族自治区平罗县作为西部农村地区研究的地点,采用分层抽样方法进行抽样调查,对所抽中地区的脑卒中患者以问卷调查形式收集基本信息,并使用欧洲五维度健康(EQ-5D)量表调查患者的健康状况。结果 共发放问卷362份,回收有效问卷349份(96.4%)；农村脑卒中患者的平均年龄为(67.48±10.21)岁,体质量指数(BMI)为(23.77±3.00)kg/m²,健康效用平均值为(0.645±0.310)。在EQ-5D量表的5个维度中,日常活动困难者占比最高(63.3%)。单因素分析结果显示,主要照护者、家庭月均收入及脑卒中类型等是影响EQ-5D评分的影响因素(P<0.05)。Tobit回归模型分析结果显示,不同年龄、职业及脑卒中类型患者的EQ-5D评分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 中国西部农村地区脑卒中患者的生活质量较差,年龄、职业、主要照护者、家庭月均收入及脑卒中类型对HRQoL有显著影响。

Abstract:

Objective To survey the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among the stroke patients living in rural areas of Western China and analyze the influencing factors. Methods From November 2018 to March 2019, stratified sampling was used to select the stroke patients in Hancheng, Shaanxi Province, and Pingluo, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The basic information of stroke patients in the selected areas was collected by questionnaire, and the HRQoL of the participants was investigated by EuroQol Group′s 5-domain (EQ-5D) scale. Results Among the 362 distributed questionnaires, 349 pieces(96.4%) were collected as valid. The participants were at a mean age of (67.48±10.21) years, body mass index (BMI) of (23.77±3.00)kg/m², and health state utility value of 0.645±0.310. In the 5 dimensions of EQ-5D, the daily activity capacity was the most difficult, accounting for 63.3%. Univariate analysis showed that the main caregivers, family monthly income, and stroke type were the influencing factors for EQ-5D score (P<0.05). Tobit regression model indicated that EQ-5D score differed statistically in those at ages, with occupations and stroke types (P<0.05). Conclusion The stroke patients in rural areas of Western China are in poor quality of life. Age, occupation, main caregivers, family monthly income, and stroke type have significant effects on HRQoL.