下肢缺血的影像学评估及新进展

Present state of imaging evaluation of lower extremity ischemia

摘要:

下肢缺血的诊断和治疗依赖于精确的影像学评估。传统影像学评估主要包括双相超声、动脉内数字减影血管造影、计算机断层扫描血管造影和磁共振血管造影。它们都主要针对肢体缺血病变的血管解剖结构进行评估。近年来一些针对缺血区域血流灌注情况评估的影像学方法逐渐被应用在外周动脉疾病的诊断和指导治疗中,包括激光多普勒血流仪、高光谱成像、吲哚氰绿血管造影等。改善的传统成像技术与新兴的灌注影像学方法为下肢缺血的诊断和治疗提供了新的思路,两者结合具有重要的临床价值。

Abstract:

The diagnosis and treatment of lower extremity ischemia rely on precise imaging assessment, which was conventionally performed mainly by biphasic ultrasound, intra-arterial digital subtraction angiography (DSA), computed tomography angiography (CTA), and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). These modalities are all intended to assess the vascular anatomical structure in limb ischemic changes. In recent years, imaging technologies for assessment of blood perfusion imaging in the ischemic area have been used for diagnosis and treatment in peripheral arterial disease, which include laser Doppler flowmetry, hyperspectral imaging, indocyanine green angiography, and so on. The improved conventional imaging techniques and the emerging perfusion imaging modalities provide vital information for the diagnosis and treatment of lower extremity ischemia, and their combination has been found of great clinical significance.