胆碱能通路损伤在血管性认知功能障碍中的现状分析

Analysis on current situation of cholinergic pathway lesions in vascular cognitive impairment

摘要:

血管性认知障碍(VCI)的早期发现与防治对减少痴呆的发生具有重要意义。VCI患者常伴有胆碱能通路的白质病变,可通过胆碱能通路高信号量表评分和弥散张量成像直接评估其严重程度,具有耗时短、简便易行和相对客观等特点。本文梳理总结了胆碱能通路的白质病变与VCI患者认知功能之间的关系,发现VCI的大脑风险期、轻度认知障碍期和痴呆期三个不同阶段均存在胆碱能通路的白质病变,且其病变严重程度与认知功能呈负相关,可为VCI早期筛查和诊断提供影像学依据。

Abstract:

Early diagnosis and treatment of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) are of great significance to reduce the occurrence of dementia. White matter lesions (WML) within the cholinergic pathways is quite common in the VCI patients. The WHL damage in the pathways can be directly evaluated by Cholinergic Pathways Hyper-intensities Scale (CHIPS) and diffusion tensor imaging, which is time-consuming, easy to operate and comparatively objective. This article summarized the relationship between WML within the cholinergic pathways and cognitive function in VCI patients. The review displays that there are WML within the cholinergic pathway in all the 3 stages of VCI, brain-at-risk, mild cognitive impairment and dementia. In addition, a negative correlation is seen between the severity of WML in the pathways and cognitive function, which provides a valuable imaging reference for early screening and diagnosis of VCI.