农村老年人轻度认知功能障碍流行病学调查

Prevalence of mild cognitive impairment among rural Chinese elderly

摘要:

目的 了解湖南省慈利县农村老年人轻度认知功能障碍（MCI）的流行病学特征。方法 采用随机整群分层分阶段抽样的方法对2011年6月至12月湖南省慈利县6个乡镇、年龄≥60岁的老年人进行现况调查及筛查，完成调查问卷及简易精神状况量表（MMSE）；临床诊断，对有明显记忆障碍者及MMSE分数低于界值者进一步进行临床检查，并由2名神经科医师进行最后诊断；同时进行总体衰退量表、Hachinski缺血指数量表、临床痴呆评定量表等评定。结果 调查1 367名，男性678名，女689名，MMSE阳性者178例，占13.02%，确诊为MCI者139例，患病率为10.17%；不同年龄段、文化程度、职业、居住及文化生活情况的老年人，其MCI患病率差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 高龄、低文化水平、嗜烟、不喝酒或嗜酒、单独居住等因素会增加患MCI的危险。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) among the rural elderly peoples from Cili county, Hunan Province. Methods A multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was adopted to subject the elderly aged 60 years or above living in the rural areas of Cili county from June to December 2011. After an interview was performed by trained interviewers to the sampled subjects for a general questionnaire and Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), those with distinct cognitive impairment or dysmnesia and those with the scores less than the cut-off point of MMSE received tests including physical examination, global deterioration scale, Hachinski ischemic scale, clinical dementia rating, and neurological examination. Then MCI was diagnosed by the consensus of 2 neurologists. Results There were 1 367 subjects (678 males and 689 females) sampled and interviewed. Among them, 178(13.02%) were positive to MMSE, and 139(10.17%) were diagnosed with MCI, and the prevalence of MCI as significantly different among the subjects of different ages, education levels, occupations, living and culture conditions and life styles (P＜0.05 for all). Conclusion The older age, the lower education level, smoking, non-drinker or non-alcoholic, and the living alone may increase the incidence of MCI among the rural elderly.