冠心病介入治疗术后患者综合健康教育干预效果初探

Efficiency of comprehensive health education intervention for patients after percutaneous coronary intervention

摘要:

目的 探讨冠心病经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术后患者综合健康教育干预模式的应用，并检验其效果。方法 选取2012年1月至2012年3月106例行PCI术的患者，随机分为观察组和对照组各53例。对照组给予常规术后护理及宣教，观察组在此基础上采用综合健康教育模式，比较出院6个月、12个月冠心病心血管危险因素控制效果及再住院率情况。结果 术后6个月，观察组血压（BP）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）及有氧活动达标率均显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），而体质量指数（BMI）、空腹血糖、心电图（ECG）及再住院率与对照组间差异则无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；术后12个月，观察组BP、LDL-C、BMI、ECG、有氧活动达标率及再住院率均显著高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 实施综合健康教育干预，显著控制了PCI术后的危险因素，在一定程度上降低了患者的再住院率。

Abstract:

Objective To observe the application of comprehensive health education intervention in the patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and evaluate the efficiency. Methods One hundred and six patients undergoing PCI in our institute from January 2012 to March 2012 were selected and divided into observation group and control group randomly (n=53). The patients in control group were given the routine treatment and traditional health education after surgery, while those from observation group were given the comprehensive health education intervention besides routine treatment. The efficiency of control of the risk factors of coronary heart diseases and the rate of rehospitalization were compared between the 2 groups at 6, 12 months after discharge from hospital. Results Blood pressure (BP), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level and the rate of completing aerobic exercise were significantly better in observation group than in control group at 6 months after PCI(P＜0.05), while, there was no difference in body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose, electrocardiogram (ECG) and rehospitalization rate between the 2 groups(P＞0.05). At 12 months after PCI, the BP value, LDL-C level, BMI, ECG, the rate of aerobic exercise, and rehospitalization rate were all well controlled in observation group than in control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05). Conclusion Comprehensive health education intervention significantly controls the risk factors after PCI, and then decreases the rate of rehospitalization.