不同性别骨密度和动脉硬化评估指标随增龄的变化

Alteration of bone mineral density and arteriosclerosis indices with aging in different sex

摘要:

目的 观察骨密度（BMD）和动脉硬化评估指标随增龄的变化。方法 2011年对400名研究对象进行了BMD、踝臂指数（ABI）、脉搏波速度（PWV）和颈动脉内膜中层厚度（CIMT）测定。根据年龄分为＜50岁、50～59岁、60～69岁和≥70岁4组；其中女性根据月经史分为未绝经、绝经1～10年、绝经11～20年和绝经＞20年4组。结果 髋部BMD女性各年龄组和绝经前后各组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），男性70岁以前各年龄组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；腰椎BMD女性70岁以前各年龄组和绝经20年以前各组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），男性各年龄组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。ABI女性70岁以前各年龄组和绝经20年以前各组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），男性各年龄组差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；PWV女性各年龄组和绝经前后各组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），男性≥70岁年龄组显著大于其他年龄组（P＜0.01）；CIMT女性和男性各年龄组差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01，P＜0.05）。除男性腰椎BMD和ABI外，各指标均与年龄相关。结论 女性和男性BMD和动脉硬化评估指标随增龄的变化特点不同。

Abstract:

Objective To observe the changes of bone mineral density (BMD) and atherosclerosis indexes with the increase of age. Methods A total of 400 healthy participants who were selected through physical examination from 1500 self-estimated healthy individuals from several communities of Shenyang City from September 2007 to June 2008 were followed up in 2011 for their BMD, ankle-brachial index (ABI), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). They were assigned into four different age groups, ＜50 years, 50-59 years, 60-69 years, and ≥70 years. The women were divided into another 4 groups, premenopausal, 1-10 years since menopause, 11-20 years since menopause, and＞20 years since menopause. Results There were significant differences in total hip BMD among the women from different age groups and among those with menopause or not(P＜0.01). But for men, there was no difference in total hip BMD in those younger than 70 years. Significant differences were also found in lumbar spine BMD among women younger than 70 years and among those with menopause shorter than 20 years. No difference was found in lumbar spine BMD among the men in different age groups. No difference was seen in ABI among the women of different age groups younger than 70 years and among the menopause groups shorter than 20 years since menopause. Neither were the men from different age groups. There were significant differences in PWV among women from different age groups and among the groups with menopause or not. In men, PWV was higher in ≥70 years group than in other age groups. The differences of CIMT were significant in both women and men among age groups. In women, the BMD, ABI, PWV, and CIMT were correlated with age. In men, the total hip BMD, PWV, and CIMT were correlated with age. Conclusion The changes of BMD and atherosclerosis indices with aging are different between women and men.