苏中地区母系遗传性高血压发病调查

Prevalence of maternally inherited hypertension in central district of Jiangsu Province in China

摘要:

目的 探讨江苏省苏中地区母系遗传性高血压（MIEH）的发病特点，为高血压病的防治提供参考。方法 选择符合WHO高血压诊断标准的1000例原发性高血压（EH）患者。收集所有患者一般资料，包括性别、年龄、发病年龄、家族遗传史等。其中以276例MIEH为指示病例，筛选同期到本医院体检中心进行体检的276例健康人群作为对照病例，按照标准方法对指示病例和对照病例在腰围、腹围、体质量指数（BMI）、血生化检查等方面进行对比研究。结果 该地区MIEH患者发病特点：与父系遗传、无家族史的EH患者相比，MIEH患者发病年龄提前（P＜0.05），有明显的家族聚集倾向，与双亲系遗传患者差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。该地区MIEH患者在腰围、腹围、BMI、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）、血糖、肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸等方面显著高于正常血压人群（P＜0.05）。肥胖、LDL-C、血糖、肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸与MIEH的发生显著相关。结论 本地区MIEH患者发病年龄提前，有明显的家族聚集倾向，靶器官损伤更多，其发病与肥胖、LDL-C、血糖、肌酐、尿素氮、尿酸显著相关。

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the on-set features of maternally inherited essential hypertension (MIEH) in central district of Jiangsu Province in China, in order to provide consideration for the prevention and treatment of the disease. Methods A total of 1000 cases with essential hypertension (EH) who met the diagnostic standard of WHO Hypertension Guideline in Subei People￠s Hospital were subjected in this study. Their general data (sex, age, onset age, and family history) were collected. Among them, 276 cases with MIEH were taken as the indicative cases and the other 276 healthy adults who took physical examination during same period served as normal controls. A comparative analysis was carried out on waist circumference, abdominal circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood biochemical parameters between the indicative and control cases. Results MIEH patients developed hypertension at earlier ages than those who were paternally inherited or had no family history of hypertension (P＜0.05), with obvious familial aggregation. The values of waist circumference, abdominal circumference, BMI, serum triglyceride, blood low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), blood glucose, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid were significantly higher in MIEH patients than in normal controls (P<0.05). There were significant correlations of MIEH with obesity, blood LDL-C, blood glucose, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid. Conclusions MIEH develops hypertension at earlier ages, and has a tendency of familial aggregation and more target organ damage. MIEH is associated with obesity, blood LDL-C, blood glucose, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and uric acid in central district of Jiangsu Province in China.