免疫衰老影响老年人重型新型冠状病毒肺炎发病机制的研究进展

Research advances in mechanism of how immunosenescence contributes to severe coronavirus disease 2019 in the elderly

【摘要】免疫衰老是免疫系统随年龄增长而发生最为显著的改变。免疫衰老与感染性疾病、自身免疫性疾病和恶性肿瘤等存在密切关系,且导致老年人在感染SARS-CoV-2后,容易进展成为重型新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)。免疫衰老通过先天性免疫系统和适应性免疫系统,改变免疫细胞数量、表型及功能,造成免疫系统功能障碍和炎症反应失衡,增加老年患者的死亡风险和预后不良事件。通过分析免疫衰老与重型COVID-19之间的关系,有助于发现老年重型COVID-19的有效治疗方法,改善老年患者的生存及预后。

基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2002706)；国家老年疾病临床医学研究中心多中心临床研究项目(NCRCG-PLAGH-20230010)；军队后勤保健课题(23BJZ25)

【Abstract】Immunosenescence is the most significant change in immune system with aging. It is closely associated with infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases and malignant tumors, and leads to the progression of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the elderly after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Immunosenescence changes the frequency, phenotype and function of immune cells in the innate and adaptive immune systems, results in immune dysfunction and imbalance of inflammatory response, and thus increases the risk of death and adverse prognostic events in elderly patients. In this article, we analyzed the relationship between immunosenescence and severe COVID-19 in order to explore effective treatment of severe COVID-19 in the elderly and improve the survival and prognosis of the elderly patients.

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2020YFC200270006), Multi-center Clinical Research Project of National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases(Chinese PLA General Hospital)(NCRCG-PLAGH-20230010) and Military Logistics Health Special Project(23BJZ25).