单基因肥胖症的遗传机制

Genetic mechanism of monogenetic obesity

【摘要】肥胖症是一种慢性病。据世界卫生组织估计，肥胖症是人类目前面临的最容易被忽视、发病率却在逐年迅速上升的一种疾病。单基因肥胖症是肥胖症中较特殊的一种，是由单个基因突变导致的肥胖症。随着分子生物学的发展及各项技术的进步，目前人类已经发现了导致单基因肥胖症的10余个主要基因。该文着重就已发现的导致单基因肥胖症的几个主要突变基因进行论述，包括突变基因简介、突变位点及分子机制等。

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【Abstract】Obesity is a chronic disease. According to the repcrt of the World Health Organization, obesity is the most easily neglected disease currently, while its incidence is rapidly rising year after year. Monogenic obesity is a special one among all types of obesity because it is caused by the mutation of a single gene. With the development of molecular biology and many other technologies, a dozen of genes which play a critical role in monogenic obesity have been found now. In this paper, we reviewed these genes, their mutation sites, and the molecular pathogenic mechanism in monogenic obesity.